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Voice Biometrics is becoming an important trend in identity authentication and information security. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and machine learning, Voice Biometrics opens up many new opportunities to improve the safety and convenience of communication between humans and machines. In this article, FPT.AI will help you learn about Voice Biometrics technology, how it works, its advantages and disadvantages, as well as its applications and prospects in the future.
What is Voice Biometrics?
Voice Biometrics is a biometric technology that utilizes acoustic characteristics (frequency, timbre, rhythm) and physiological factors such as pitch and voice morphology of each person to distinguish and verify identity. The identity verification process using Voice Biometrics technology includes the following 3 steps:
- Data collection: The user’s voice will be collected through devices such as phones or microphones.
- Voice Analysis: The system extracts voice characteristics, analyzes characteristic elements such as frequency, rhythm, and timbre to create a unique voice model, also known as a “voiceprint”, and then stores it in the database.
- Identity Verification and Authentication: When an authentication request is made, the user’s voice will be recorded and compared with the stored voice model. If the similarity between the current voice and the voiceprint is high enough, the system will confirm the user’s identity.
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Key Components of a Voice Biometrics System
Voice Biometrics is a complex system that relies on multiple integrated components to analyze and authenticate user identities through voice. Here are the key components of this system:
- Speech Signal: This is the audio signal emitted by the user, recorded through devices such as microphones or phones. Each person’s voice has unique acoustic characteristics such as pitch, rhythm (how fast or slow they speak) and timbre (voice quality), which are the basis for analysis and identity verification.
- Recorder: The quality of the audio captured by the recorder is a key factor, determining the accuracy of the next analysis and identification steps. To achieve the best audio quality, recorders are designed to minimize noise and limit the influence of the surrounding environment. Some modern devices also incorporate noise reduction technology, which improves efficiency in noisy environments.
- Voice Analysis Software: Voice analysis software is at the heart of the Voice Biometrics system, responsible for processing voice signals and extracting unique audio characteristics of the user. This software uses artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning algorithms to analyze factors such as frequency, tone, and rhythm of the voice, thereby creating a unique voice model for each individual.
- Authentication System: The authentication system takes on the role of verifying the user’s identity based on voice. When a user needs to access the system, their voice will be collected and compared with the data stored in the database: If the voice matches, the user will be authenticated and granted access; otherwise, access will be denied. For added security, the authentication system can be combined with other methods such as OTP (One-Time Password), fingerprints, or facial recognition.
- Security Component: Once the voice is collected, this data is encrypted using advanced security algorithms before being stored in the database. Modern security methods such as digital certificates, data encryption and OTP codes are also used to protect personal information, preventing unauthorized access or data theft.
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Types of Voice Biometrics
Voice Biometrics are divided into two different types. Each type uses its own approach to analyzing and authenticating user identities based on voice, specifically as follows:
- Text-dependent Voice Biometrics: Requires the user to say a specific sentence or a specific text during each authentication, such as “Unlock my device”. This method provides high accuracy because the content of the identification is controlled. However, having to repeat the same sentence can be annoying for the user.
- Text-independent Voice Biometrics: Does not require the user to say a specific sentence. The system can recognize the voice from any content that the user pronounces in real time without requiring the user to stop to say a specific sentence. This makes the method more flexible and suitable for situations that require continuous security or ensure authenticity throughout, such as online conferences.
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Voice Biometrics
The biggest advantage of Voice Biometrics is its convenience and ease of use. Users do not need to remember passwords or PINs, just speak and they can authenticate quickly. Moreover, this technology provides a strong layer of security thanks to the uniqueness of the voice, which is difficult to fake or copy. It is worth noting that Voice Biometrics does not require specialized equipment. Common devices such as mobile phones or computers can support recording and integrating this system.
However, organizations need to consider carefully before deploying Voice Biometrics. Because the accuracy of the system is easily affected by environmental factors such as noise or when the user is sick, causing the voice to change. In addition, deploying the Voice Biometrics system requires a large initial investment in technology and infrastructure.
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Applications of Voice Biometrics
Voice Biometrics can be deployed in various fields such as Public Administration, BFSI (Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance), E-commerce, Healthcare, Transportation, Defense & Security, etc. Below are specific situations where Voice Biometrics is being applied:
- Bank account authentication and online transactions: Voice Biometrics can be used to authenticate transactions in online banking applications, helping users to make transactions safely
- Layer 2 OTP authentication in banking transactions: Voice Biometrics allows users to read OTP codes or passwords by voice instead of having to enter them from the keyboard, eliminating the dependence on traditional passwords or PINs, bringing greater convenience and security in financial transactions.
- Voice Pay: This technology supports payment transactions using only voice commands, helping to improve the speed and convenience of shopping or financial transactions.
- Criminal forensics and recording verification: In the legal field, Voice Biometrics is used to analyze and verify recordings, supporting in investigating and proving crimes.
- Applications in meetings and voice analysis: The system can separate the voices of each participant, and record the content they present, helping to optimize information management in meetings or seminars.
In fact, the virtual assistant T’aiO – a solution integrating FPT.AI’s Voice Biometrics technology, has helped TPBank upgrade the customer experience to a new level thanks to the ability to authenticate through each customer’s unique voice. T’aiO can accurately recognize voices, automatically confirm transaction information such as amount, transaction type and beneficiary to allow customers to transfer money, top up, lock/unlock cards without touching hands
The virtual assistant T’aiO also uses Deep Learning to accurately identify languages by region, age and speaking style while ensuring data security according to the international security standard PCI-DSS. In the race of digital banks, this solution has helped TPBank create its own mark, helping the visually impaired and the elderly access banking services more conveniently while conquering the younger generation thanks to its convenience and time-saving ability.
In short, with the strong development of AI and machine learning technology, Voice Biometrics not only enhances security but also enhances user experience thanks to its convenience and accuracy. This technology is predicted to continue to grow strongly, becoming an indispensable part of modern security systems, thanks to improvements in voice analysis algorithms and the popularity of smart devices.
Hopefully, the above article of FPT.AI has brought you useful information. If you need more in-depth advice on virtual assistant solutions, please contact us immediately.
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